Cyber Security Glossary

A computer program or system intended to distinguish human from machine input, typically as a way of thwarting spam and automated extraction of data from websites

A Chatbot is a software program that interacts with humans through conversational-style text or voice, as if it were a real person.

An artificial intelligence chatbot launched by OpenAI in 2022.

A senior-level executive who is responsible for an organisation’s information, cyber and technology policies and security.

Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency

Where shared computer and storage resources are accessed as a service (usually online), instead of hosted locally on physical services. Resources can include infrastructure, platform or software services.

Credential stuffing is the automated injection of stolen username and password pairs (“credentials”) in to website login forms, in order to fraudulently gain access to user accounts.

A user's authentication information used to verify identity - typically one, or more, of password, token, certificate.

Malicious attempts to damage, disrupt or gain unauthorised access to computer systems, networks or devices, via cyber means.

A breach of the security rules for a system or service - most commonly;

• Attempts to gain unauthorised access to a system and/or to data.
• Unauthorised use of systems for the processing or storing of data.
• Changes to a systems firmware, software or hardware without the system owners consent.
• Malicious disruption and/or denial of service.

The overall ability of systems, organisations and citizens to withstand cyber events and, where harm is caused, recover from them.

The protection of devices, services and networks — and the information on them — from theft or damage.

A plan of high-level actions of how the organisation will use cyber security to support and enable organisational goals and objectives.